Tugas PBO 13 Abstract Class

Nama : Afel Allaric Absor

NRP : 5025231140

Kelas : PBO (A)

1). Implementasi dari program kecil Abstract Class Makhluk hidup yang diwariskan kepada manusia, hewan, dan tumbuhan.

- Isi dari file MakhlukHidup.java :

public abstract class MakhlukHidup {
    private String nama;
    private int usia;

    public MakhlukHidup(String nama, int usia) {
        this.nama = nama;
        this.usia = usia;
    }

    public String getNama() {
        return nama;
    }

    public void bertambahUsia() {
        this.usia++;
        System.out.println(nama + " bertambah usia. Usia sekarang: " + usia);
    }

    public abstract void bernapas();
    public abstract void berkembangBiak();
}

class Manusia extends MakhlukHidup {
    public Manusia(String nama, int usia) {
        super(nama, usia);
    }

    @Override
    public void bernapas() {
        System.out.println(getNama() + " bernapas dengan paru-paru.");
    }

    @Override
    public void berkembangBiak() {
        System.out.println(getNama() + " berkembang biak dengan cara melahirkan.");
    }

    public void berpikir() {
        System.out.println(getNama() + " dapat berpikir.");
    }
}

class Hewan extends MakhlukHidup {
    public Hewan(String nama, int usia) {
        super(nama, usia);
    }

    @Override
    public void bernapas() {
        System.out.println(getNama() + " bernapas dengan paru-paru atau insang.");
    }

    @Override
    public void berkembangBiak() {
        System.out.println(getNama() + " berkembang biak dengan cara bertelur atau melahirkan.");
    }

    public void berburu() {
        System.out.println(getNama() + " sedang berburu makanan.");
    }
}

class Tumbuhan extends MakhlukHidup {
    public Tumbuhan(String nama, int usia) {
        super(nama, usia);
    }

    @Override
    public void bernapas() {
        System.out.println(getNama() + " bernapas melalui stomata.");
    }

    @Override
    public void berkembangBiak() {
        System.out.println(getNama() + " berkembang biak dengan biji atau stek.");
    }

    public void melakukanFotosintesis() {
        System.out.println(getNama() + " sedang melakukan fotosintesis.");
    }
}

- Isi dari file Main.java :

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Manusia manusia = new Manusia("Kinan", 25);
        manusia.bernapas();
        manusia.berkembangBiak();
        manusia.berpikir();
        manusia.bertambahUsia();

        System.out.println();

        Hewan hewan = new Hewan("Kucing", 3);
        hewan.bernapas();
        hewan.berkembangBiak();
        hewan.berburu();
        hewan.bertambahUsia();

        System.out.println();

        Tumbuhan tumbuhan = new Tumbuhan("Buah_Naga", 5);
        tumbuhan.bernapas();
        tumbuhan.berkembangBiak();
        tumbuhan.melakukanFotosintesis();
        tumbuhan.bertambahUsia();
    }
}

- Hasil kode ketika dijalankan :

Kinan bernapas dengan paru-paru.

Kinan berkembang biak dengan cara melahirkan.

Kinan dapat berpikir.

Kinan bertambah usia. Usia sekarang: 26

Kucing bernapas dengan paru-paru atau insang.

Kucing berkembang biak dengan cara bertelur atau melahirkan.

Kucing sedang berburu makanan.

Kucing bertambah usia. Usia sekarang: 4

Buah_Naga bernapas melalui stomata.

Buah_Naga berkembang biak dengan biji atau stek.

Buah_Naga sedang melakukan fotosintesis.

Buah_Naga bertambah usia. Usia sekarang: 6

Process finished with exit code 0

- Link Github repository berisi kode : https://github.com/afelallaric/Tugas-PBO-13-Abstract-Class.git

2). Simulasi Foxes dan Rabbit yang ada di buku. Ubah menjadi bentuk Abstract Class!

- Isi dari file Animal.java :

import java.util.List;

public abstract class Animal {
    private int age;
    private boolean alive;
    private Field field;
    private Location location;

    public Animal(Field field, Location location) {
        this.age = 0;
        this.alive = true;
        this.field = field;
        setLocation(location);
    }

    public boolean isAlive() {
        return alive;
    }

    public void setDead() {
        alive = false;
        if (location != null) {
            field.clear(location);
            location = null;
            field = null;
        }
    }

    public Location getLocation() {
        return location;
    }

    public void setLocation(Location newLocation) {
        if (location != null) {
            field.clear(location);
        }
        location = newLocation;
        field.place(this, newLocation);
    }

    public Field getField() {
        return field;
    }

    public abstract void act(List<Animal> newAnimals);
}

- Isi dari file Rabbit.java :

import java.util.List;

public abstract class Animal {
    private int age;
    private boolean alive;
    private Field field;
    private Location location;

    public Animal(Field field, Location location) {
        this.age = 0;
        this.alive = true;
        this.field = field;
        setLocation(location);
    }

    public boolean isAlive() {
        return alive;
    }

    public void setDead() {
        alive = false;
        if (location != null) {
            field.clear(location);
            location = null;
            field = null;
        }
    }

    public Location getLocation() {
        return location;
    }

    public void setLocation(Location newLocation) {
        if (location != null) {
            field.clear(location);
        }
        location = newLocation;
        field.place(this, newLocation);
    }

    public Field getField() {
        return field;
    }

    public abstract void act(List<Animal> newAnimals);
}

- Isi dari file Fox.java :

import java.util.List;

public class Fox extends Animal {
    public Fox(Field field, Location location) {
        super(field, location);
    }

    @Override
    public void act(List<Animal> newAnimals) {
        if (isAlive()) {
            Location newLocation = findFood();
            if (newLocation == null) {
                newLocation = getField().freeAdjacentLocation(getLocation());
            }
            if (newLocation != null) {
                setLocation(newLocation);
            } else {
                setDead();
            }
        }
    }

    private Location findFood() {
        List<Location> adjacent = getField().adjacentLocations(getLocation());
        for (Location loc : adjacent) {
            Object animal = getField().getObjectAt(loc);
            if (animal instanceof Rabbit) {
                Rabbit rabbit = (Rabbit) animal;
                rabbit.setDead();
                System.out.println("Fox has died.");
                return loc;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

- Isi dari file Field.java :

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Field {
    private Object[][] field;

    public Field(int depth, int width) {
        field = new Object[depth][width];
    }

    public int getDepth() {
        return field.length;
    }

    public int getWidth() {
        return field[0].length;
    }

    public void clear(Location location) {
        field[location.getRow()][location.getCol()] = null;
    }

    public void place(Object object, Location location) {
        field[location.getRow()][location.getCol()] = object;
    }

    public Object getObjectAt(Location location) {
        return field[location.getRow()][location.getCol()];
    }

    public Location freeAdjacentLocation(Location location) {
        List<Location> free = new ArrayList<>();
        List<Location> adjacent = adjacentLocations(location);
        for (Location loc : adjacent) {
            if (getObjectAt(loc) == null) {
                free.add(loc);
            }
        }
        return free.isEmpty() ? null : free.get(0);
    }

    public List<Location> adjacentLocations(Location location) {
        List<Location> locations = new ArrayList<>();
        int row = location.getRow();
        int col = location.getCol();
        for (int r = Math.max(0, row - 1); r <= Math.min(field.length - 1, row + 1); r++) {
            for (int c = Math.max(0, col - 1); c <= Math.min(field[0].length - 1, col + 1); c++) {
                if (r != row || c != col) {
                    locations.add(new Location(r, c));
                }
            }
        }
        return locations;
    }
}

- Isi dari file Location.java :

public class Location {
    private int row;
    private int col;

    public Location(int row, int col) {
        this.row = row;
        this.col = col;
    }

    public int getRow() {
        return row;
    }

    public int getCol() {
        return col;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj) return true;
        if (obj == null || getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false;
        Location location = (Location) obj;
        return row == location.row && col == location.col;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return 31 * row + col;
    }
}

- Isi dari file Simulator.java :

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Simulator {
    private Field field;
    private List<Animal> animals;

    public Simulator(int depth, int width) {
        field = new Field(depth, width);
        animals = new ArrayList<>();
        populate();
    }

    public void simulate(int steps) {
        for (int step = 0; step < steps; step++) {
            System.out.println("Step " + (step + 1) + ":");
            List<Animal> newAnimals = new ArrayList<>();
            for (Animal animal : animals) {
                animal.act(newAnimals);
            }
            animals.addAll(newAnimals);
            printField(); 
        }
    }

    private void populate() {
        for (int row = 0; row < field.getDepth(); row++) {
            for (int col = 0; col < field.getWidth(); col++) {
                if (Math.random() > 0.8) {
                    Location location = new Location(row, col);
                    if (Math.random() > 0.5) {
                        Rabbit rabbit = new Rabbit(field, location);
                        animals.add(rabbit);
                    } else {
                        Fox fox = new Fox(field, location);
                        animals.add(fox);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void printField() {
        for (int row = 0; row < field.getDepth(); row++) {
            for (int col = 0; col < field.getWidth(); col++) {
                Object obj = field.getObjectAt(new Location(row, col));
                if (obj instanceof Rabbit) {
                    System.out.print("R ");
                } else if (obj instanceof Fox) {
                    System.out.print("F ");
                } else {
                    System.out.print(". ");
                }
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
        System.out.println();
    }
}

- Isi dari file Main.java :

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Simulator simulator = new Simulator(6, 6);
        simulator.simulate(10); 
    }
}

- Hasil dari kode :

Step 1:

Rabbit at Location@3e is moving.

Rabbit at Location@3f is moving.

Rabbit at Location@5e is moving.

. . . F . .

R R . . . .

R . . . . .

. F . F . .

. . . . . .

Step 2:

Rabbit at Location@1f is moving.

Rabbit at Location@20 is moving.

Rabbit at Location@3e is moving.

R R F . . .

R . . . . .

F . F . . .

. . . . . .

Step 3:

Fox has died.

Rabbit at Location@0 is moving.

Rabbit at Location@1f is moving.

Fox has died.

R F . . . .

. F F . . .

. . . . . .

Step 4:

Fox has died.

F F F . . .

. . . . . .

Step 5:

F F . . . .

F . . . . .

. . . . . .

Step 6:

F . . . . .

F F . . . .

. . . . . .

Step 7:

. F . . . .

F F . . . .

. . . . . .

Step 8:

F F . . . .

. F . . . .

. . . . . .

Step 9:

F F . . . .

F . . . . .

. . . . . .

Step 10:

F . . . . .

F F . . . .

. . . . . .

Process finished with exit code 0

- Link Github repository berisi kode : https://github.com/afelallaric/Tugas-PBO-13-Abstract-Class.git

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